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Manual Enumeration

User info

Current user
whoami
who
Currently logged in users
W
Current permissions
id
User list
cat /etc/passwd
Groups
cat /etc/group

Operating System & Kernel

Show host
hostname
Distribution type & version
/etc/issue
/etc/*-release
/etc/lsb-release #debian
/etc/redhat-released #redhat
Kernel version
/proc/version
uname -a
uname -r
uname -mrs
rpm -q kernel
dmesg | grep linux
ls /boot | grep vmlinuz-
Kernel modules
lsmod
More info on specific kernel module
/sbin/modinfo <kernel module>
System architecture
arch
Environment Variables
/etc/profile
/etc/bashrc

Network

Network interfaces and addresses
/proc/net/fib_trie
Listening ports (HEX encoded)
/proc/net/tcp

cat /proc/net/tcp | grep '00000000:0000 0A'

0A = listening

0100007F:15E1 = 127.0.0.1:5701

File System

Search for files modified between two dates
find / -newermt YYYY-MM-DD ! -newermt YYYY-MM-DD -ls 2>/dev/null
Show additional details about files
stat <file>
List files and their 32-bit last modified time
find / -type f -printf "%T+ %pn\n"

%T+ - Show full last modified timestamp

%pn - Show file name